NECO 2023 CRS/IRS Obj And Essay Answer – July/Aug Expo
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```INSTRUCTION: ANSWER FOUR(4) QUESTIONS ONLY```
(1a)
سورة العصر
بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَٰنِ الرَّحِيمِ
وَالْعَصْرِ
إِنَّ الْإِنسَانَ لَفِي خُسْرٍ
إِلَّا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا وَعَمِلُوا الصَّالِحَاتِ وَتَوَاصَوْا بِالْحَقِّ وَتَوَاصَوْا بِالصَّبْرِ
(1b)
In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful.
By time,
Indeed, mankind is in loss,
Except for those who have believed and done righteous deeds and advised each other to truth and advised each other to patience.
(1c)
(i) Value of Time: The Surah emphasizes the importance of time, as it begins by swearing by time itself. It reminds us of the fleeting nature of our lives and the urgency to use our time wisely for meaningful actions.
(ii) Importance of Faith and Good Deeds: The Surah highlights that human beings are in a state of loss unless they combine faith (belief) with righteous actions. This teaches us that faith alone is not enough; it must be accompanied by sincere deeds that reflect our beliefs.
(iii) Community and Brotherhood: The Surah also underscores the significance of mutual counsel and cooperation for truth and patience. This teaches us the value of fostering a sense of community, supporting one another in doing good, and being patient in the face of challenges.
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(4a)
Isnād: Isnād, also known as the "chain of narrators," refers to the list of individuals who have transmitted a specific Hadith (sayings or actions of Prophet Muhammad) from one person to another. The Isnād includes the names of the narrators in a sequential order, indicating the source of the Hadith and the people who passed it down through generations.
Matn: Matn is the textual content or the actual wording of a Hadith. It represents the specific saying, action, or event attributed to Prophet Muhammad. The Matn is accompanied by the Isnād to provide a complete record of the transmission of the Hadith from the Prophet through the chain of narrators.
(4b)
(i) Isnad (Chain of Narrators) Continuity: A key factor in assessing the authenticity of a Hadith is the continuity and reliability of the Isnād (chain of narrators). Each person in the chain should be known for their integrity, memory, and accuracy in transmitting information. Gaps or inconsistencies in the chain can raise doubts about the Hadith's reliability.
(ii) The Integrity of Narrators: The credibility and character of the narrators in the chain play a crucial role. Narrators should be trustworthy, honest, and have a strong moral character. They should not be known for spreading falsehoods or having biases that could influence their narration.
(iii) Agreement with Established Knowledge: A Hadith should not contradict well-established principles of Islamic teachings, the Quran, or other authentic Hadith. If a Hadith contradicts something that is already widely accepted in the Islamic tradition, it may be deemed less authentic.
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(5a)
(i) Obligation and Timing: Hajj is one of the Five Pillars of Islam and is obligatory for every able-bodied Muslim who can afford it, while `Umrah is a recommended pilgrimage that can be performed at any time of the year.
(ii) Duration and Rites: Hajj is performed during specific days of the Islamic lunar month of Dhu al-Hijjah, usually lasting around 5-6 days, and involves more elaborate rituals including standing at Arafat and sacrificing an animal. `Umrah, on the other hand, is a shorter pilgrimage that can be done at any time of the year, and involves fewer rituals.
(iii) Pilgrimage Sites: Hajj involves visiting specific locations in and around the city of Mecca, including Mina, Arafat, and Muzdalifah. `Umrah includes fewer sites, primarily focusing on the Kaaba and Sa'i (running between the hills of Safa and Marwah).
(5b)
(i) Takbir al-Ihram: Raising your hands and saying "Allahu Akbar" to begin the prayer.
(ii) Qunut in Witr: Raising hands and supplicating to Allah during the Witr prayer.
(iii) Tasbih after Rukuh: Saying "Subhanallah" (Glory be to Allah) three times after bowing (ruku) during each unit (rak'ah) of prayer.
(iv) Tashahhud: Reciting the testimony of faith while sitting in the final sitting of the prayer.
(v) Salat al-Witr: Offering an odd-numbered set of rak'ahs (units) at the end of the night prayers, usually performed after the Isha prayer.
(5c)
(i) Talking: Speaking intentionally during the prayer, except in cases where speech is required for the validity of the prayer, like reciting Quranic verses.
(ii) Eating or Drinking: Consuming food or drink during the prayer.
(iii) Significant Movement: Engaging in significant bodily movements that are not part of the prayer, such as excessive fidgeting or moving around.
(iv) Loss of Concentration: Allowing your mind to wander and lose focus on the prayer, or indulging in thoughts that distract you from the act of worship.
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(7a)
The Treaty of Hudaybiyyah was a peace agreement signed in 628 CE between the Prophet Muhammad and the Quraysh tribe of Mecca. The treaty came about after several years of conflict and tension between the Muslims and the Quraysh who had persecuted and expelled the Muslims from Mecca.
When the Muslims led by Prophet Muhammad attempted to perform the pilgrimage to Mecca the Quraysh blocked their access. However negotiations took place and eventually a truce was reached at a place called Hudaybiyyah.
The treaty had several key provisions. Firstly it declared a ten-year ceasefire wherein both parties agreed not to engage in warfare or any acts of aggression against each other. Secondly it allowed the Muslims to perform the pilgrimage the following year thus symbolizing a recognition of the legitimacy of the Muslim faith. Lastly the treaty stated that any person who wanted to join the Muslims or return to Mecca would be free to do so without any repercussions.
(7b)
(i) Patience and Strategic Thinking: The treaty teaches the importance of patience and long-term strategic thinking. Despite the initial unfavorable terms of the treaty, the Muslims exercised patience, which allowed them to strengthen their position and eventually achieve their goals.
(ii) Flexibility and Compromise: The willingness to compromise and be flexible in negotiations can lead to beneficial outcomes, even if they don't appear advantageous at first. The Muslims accepted certain conditions that seemed unfavorable, but these concessions set the stage for later success.
(iii) Divine Wisdom and Trust in God's Plan: The events surrounding the treaty underscore the concept of trusting in a higher plan. Despite facing challenges and setbacks, the Muslims remained steadfast in their faith and trusted in God's guidance. The eventual violation of the treaty by the Quraysh led to the Muslims' successful entry into Mecca.
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INSTRUCTIONS: Answer four (4) questions in all, at least one (1) from each section
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*SECTION A*
(1a)
The account of God's provision of a helper for Adam is found in the book of Genesis in the Bible. According to the story, God saw that it was not good for man (Adam) to be alone, so He decided to create a helper suitable for him. He created animals of all kinds, but none of them were found to be the perfect companion for Adam. God then took one of Adam's ribs and made a woman from it. The woman was given to Adam as his helper and companion.
(1b)
(PICK ANY TWO)
(i) There were no pre-existing social or legal norms regarding their relationship.
(ii) They had no knowledge of divorce or separation since they were the first couple.
(iii) The union was not a result of their own choice or decision but rather God’s will.
(iv) Their relationship was closer than that of spouses, since they shared everything, including a common soul.
(v) They did not make vows or pledges for their union, but simply accepted one another as they were.
(vi) They did not share a physical intimacy with any other person throughout their lives.
(1c)
(PICK ANY TWO)
(i) To glorify God and bring Him pleasure.
(ii) To rule over the Earth and its resources.
(iii) To exercise dominion over the animal and plant kingdom.
(iv) To provide companionship to each other and increase in love.
(v) To be stewards of God's creation and work the land.
(vi) To live in harmony with God, nature, and each other.
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(2a)
(i) Israel faced a period of moral decline due to Eli's failure to discipline his sons, who were corrupt and exploited their positions as priests.
(ii) Israel suffered from a spiritual void without proper guidance from Eli due to his negligence in providing direction and counsel.
(iii) Israel was plagued by numerous social ills due to Eli's inability to ensure justice, such as rampant violence and injustice in the land.
(iv) Israel lacked religious authority as Eli failed to take responsibility for the spiritual health of the nation.
(v) Israel's military might was weakened without proper leadership from Eli as he neglected military matters.
(vi) Israel was left exposed to outside threats without the proper guidance of a wise leader.
(2b)
(PICK ANY THREE)
(i) The importance of leading by example and taking responsibility for one’s actions.
(ii) The necessity of setting moral examples for children to follow.
(iii) The need to take an active role in providing guidance for one’s children.
(iv) The value of discipline in ensuring justice and fairness.
(v) The importance of imparting religious knowledge and traditions.
(vi) The power of a leader to shape the destiny of a nation.
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(3a)
The circumstances that led to the dismissal of Gehazi from the service of Elisha can be found in the biblical account in the book of 2 Kings.
Gehazi was the servant of Elisha, a prophet in the Old Testament. Elisha had performed a miracle by curing Naaman of his leprosy, whereupon Gehazi decided to take advantage of the situation and seek a reward for himself. He lied to Naaman and asked for money and clothing as payment for the miracle. Elisha found out about Gehazi's deception and confronted him. As punishment for his dishonesty and greed, God cursed Gehazi with leprosy. Elisha then had no choice but to dismiss Gehazi from his service.
(3b)
(PICK ANY THREE)
(i) Honesty is the best policy: Gehazi was dishonest and this led to his downfall;
(ii) Greed is destructive: Gehazi was motivated by greed which caused him to lose his job;
(iii) Obey God’s law: Gehazi disobeyed the law of God and suffered the consequences;
(iv) Show gratitude: Gehazi did not show gratitude to Elisha for his blessing, but instead wanted to take advantage of the situation;
(v) Do not judge others: Gehazi judged Naaman for not wanting to give him a reward and was punished for it; and
(vi) Stay true to your character: Gehazi allowed his lust for money to override his loyalty to Elisha, which led to his dismissal.
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*SECTION B*
(4a)
In St. Matthew's account, the second temptation of Jesus Christ occurs when the devil takes Jesus to the pinnacle of the temple and tempts Him to throw Himself down, suggesting that the angels would save Him. The devil cites a passage in the Psalms. For the third temptation, the devil takes Jesus up to a high mountain and shows Him the kingdoms of the world and their glory, promising to give it all to Jesus if He would bow down and worship him.
(4b)
(PICK ANY THREE)
(i) We must have absolute faith in God’s Word.
(ii) We must stand firm in our convictions and never compromise our beliefs.
(iii) We must remain humble and not desire worldly things or power.
(iv) We must recognize that temptation comes in many forms and we must be prepared to resist it.
(v) We should always put God first in our lives and seek His guidance in all we do.
(vi) Praying to God for guidance and strength is essential in standing strong against temptation.
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(5a)
Jesus Christ's appearance to the two disciples on their way to Emmaus was an event filled with profound meaning and revelation. After His crucifixion and burial, these disciples were overwhelmed with grief, confusion, and doubt. Little did they know that they were about to experience a momentous encounter. As they walked along the road, Jesus suddenly joined them and began to explain the scriptures concerning His suffering, death, and resurrection. Although they did not recognize Him at first, the two disciples were emboldened by His teachings and were eager to learn more.
(5b)
(PICK ANY THREE)
(i) We should always be open to learning new lessons from the Scriptures.
(ii) Our faith should motivate us to take action in our lives.
(iii) Place your trust in God, even in the midst of sorrow and despair.
(iv) Jesus Christ is always with us, even when we can’t recognize it.
(v) Rejoice in Jesus’ resurrection and ascension.
(vi) When we reach out and share our faith, it can bring transformation to those around us.
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(6a)
The work of Philip in Samaria can be found in the biblical book of Acts. After the martyrdom of Stephen, a devout follower of Jesus, a great persecution arose against the early Christians in Jerusalem. As a result, many believers were scattered throughout the regions of Judea and Samaria. Philip, one of the seven servants chosen by the apostles to serve in the Church, was one of these believers.
Philip’s work in Samaria started with the conversion of a magician called Simon. Philip then preached the gospel throughout the region. He also performed many miracles which amazed the people. As a result, many people believed in Jesus and were baptized.
(6b)
(PICK ANY THREE)
(i) The Holy Spirit gave Philip power and enabled him to perform miraculous signs among the people.
(ii) The Holy Spirit could be seen descending on people like a dove when they were baptized.
(iii) The Holy Spirit gave people the ability to speak in other languages.
(iv) The Holy Spirit gave people knowledge and understanding of spiritual matters.
(v) The Holy Spirit helped Philip reveal the gospel of Jesus Christ to the Samaritans.
(vi) The Holy Spirit gave people the courage to follow Jesus despite opposition from their families and peers.
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*SECTION C*
(7a)
Jesus Christ's Description of Himself as the Living Bread. Jesus Christ, during his earthly ministry, often used metaphors and symbols to convey deeper spiritual truths to his followers. One such instance is when he described himself as the "living bread" during a gathering in Jerusalem.
In the Gospel of John, Jesus said to the multitude: “I am the living bread which came down from heaven; if any man eat of this bread, he shall live forever…” (John 6:51). After Jesus made this statement, many of the people began to doubt and ask, “How can this man give us his flesh to eat?” But Jesus didn’t take their questions literally—he was giving a spiritual application of what it meant to partake in the heavenly bread that only He could provide.
(7b)
(PICK ANY THREE)
(i) Jesus provides sustenance for the soul, just as bread provides sustenance for the body.
(ii) His bread provides physical, mental, and spiritual nourishment necessary for life.
(iii) Just as traditional bread is a staple of life, Jesus is the staple of eternal life.
(iv) By receiving the bread of life, we can have hope and joy in all circumstances.
(v) Jesus provides true satisfaction; just as we never truly feel full after having consumed regular bread, so too, we will always desire more of Jesus’ bread.
(vi) Those who partake in the bread of life can have assurance of His love and an eternal hope.
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(8a)
(i) Submission to authorities: Paul emphasizes the importance of obeying and submitting to the governing authorities in Romans 13:1-7. He teaches that these authorities have been established by God and therefore, should be respected and obeyed.
(ii) Paying taxes: Paul urges Christians to pay their dues in the form of taxes. He states that this is a way of expressing our submission to the governing authorities and respect for law and order.
(iii) Exercise justice: Paul’s teaching on civic responsibility also includes a call to exercise justice. We should not only seek justice for ourselves but should also strive for justice in our society as a whole.
(iv) Respect for the governing laws: Paul encourages Christians to obey the laws of the land, protect property, and practice justice and fairness in all civil matters.
(v) Respect for human life: Paul encourages Christians to value the lives of others and to show respect for all human life.
(vi) Love your neighbor: Paul emphasizes the importance of loving your neighbor by reminding us that we should do unto others as we would have them do unto us.
(8b)
(PICK ANY THREE)
(i) Obeying the laws of the land.
(ii) Paying taxes.
(iii) Keeping public areas clean and free from litter.
(iv) Participating in local elections.
(v) Reporting criminal activity.
(vi) Volunteering in community services.
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(9a)
According to the book of First Peter, Christian leaders should relate to their followers by being examples for them to follow. They should shepherd their flock willingly, not for profit or personal gain, but with eagerness and a genuine desire to serve.
(9b)
(PICK ANY THREE)
(i) Secularization: The prevalence of secular beliefs and values among people in many societies can create challenges for Christian leaders in leading their congregations and maintaining a moral standard.
(ii) Technology: New technologies affect how information is shared and can create ethical issues around privacy and oversight of communications.
(iii) Shortage of volunteers: Many churches are struggling to find leadership roles filled due to a lack of available volunteers.
(iv) Burnout: Long hours and limited resources can cause Christian leaders to become overwhelmed and burned out.
(v) Increased public scrutiny: With greater access to social media and the internet, Christian leaders face increased public scrutiny and criticism for their actions.
(vi) Complexity of the church: Churches must address complex social and economic issues which often require Christian leaders to navigate complex situations in order to make a positive difference.
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