NECO 2024 Literature in English ( Drama & poetry) Answer – June/July Expo

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2024 NECO LITERATURE ANSWERS

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*1.*

In John Kargbo Kolosa's play "Let Me Die Alone," Yoko is portrayed as a tragic heroine, a character who possesses admirable qualities but ultimately meets a tragic end due to circumstances beyond her control. Tragic heroines are often characterized by their strength, courage, and determination, but they also face significant obstacles and setbacks that lead to their downfall.

Yoko, as a tragic heroine, embodies these qualities. She is a strong and resilient woman who faces numerous challenges throughout the play. Despite her courage and determination, Yoko is ultimately unable to overcome the obstacles she encounters, leading to her tragic demise.

One of the key factors that contribute to Yoko's tragic fate is her unwavering dedication to her beliefs and values. She is a passionate and principled individual who refuses to compromise her convictions, even in the face of overwhelming adversity. This unwavering commitment to her ideals ultimately proves to be her downfall, as she becomes increasingly isolated and marginalized by those around her.

Another factor that contributes to Yoko's tragic fate is her struggle to navigate the complex and often treacherous world in which she lives. She is a woman in a male-dominated society, and her efforts to assert her independence and autonomy are met with resistance and hostility from those around her. This societal pressure, combined with her own internal struggles, proves to be too much for Yoko to overcome, leading to her tragic end.

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*2.*

The theme of blackmail plays a significant role in the development of the text "Let Me Die Alone" by John Kargbo Kolosa. Blackmail is the practice of compelling someone to do something against their will by threatening to reveal embarrassing or harmful information about them. In the context of the play, blackmail serves as a powerful tool that characters use to manipulate and control others, often with devastating consequences.

One of the primary ways in which blackmail is used in the text is as a means of exerting power and control over others. Characters use threats of exposure or retaliation to force others to comply with their demands, whether it be to keep a secret, to perform a favor, or to engage in some other form of behavior. This use of blackmail allows characters to manipulate and dominate those around them, often leading to a cycle of exploitation and abuse.

The theme of blackmail also serves to highlight the destructive nature of secrets and the consequences of keeping them hidden. Throughout the play, characters are forced to confront their own dark secrets and the consequences of keeping them hidden. The threat of exposure and the fear of being blackmailed serve as powerful motivators that push characters to reveal their secrets and seek redemption.

Furthermore, the theme of blackmail serves to explore the complexities of human relationships and the ways in which power and manipulation can undermine even the strongest bonds. Characters are forced to confront their own vulnerabilities and the ways in which their secrets can be used against them, leading to a deep sense of mistrust and betrayal.

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*3.*

In Wole Soyinka's play "The Lion and the Jewel," the visit of Sidi to Chief Baroka holds significant importance in the text. Sidi, a beautiful and talented young woman, is a symbol of traditional Nigerian culture and values. Her visit to Chief Baroka, a respected elder and leader of the community, represents a clash between traditional and modern values.

Sidi's visit to Chief Baroka is significant because it represents a turning point in the play's exploration of the tension between tradition and modernity. Chief Baroka represents the traditional values and customs of Nigerian society, while Sidi represents the modern, Westernized ideals that are slowly encroaching on these traditions. Their meeting serves as a catalyst for the conflicts that arise between the two characters and their respective communities.

The visit also highlights the power dynamics at play in the text. Chief Baroka, as a respected elder, holds significant influence and authority within the community. Sidi, on the other hand, is a young, talented woman who is seen as a symbol of the community's future. Their interaction serves to emphasize the generational and cultural divide that exists between the traditional and modern elements of Nigerian society.

Furthermore, the visit of Sidi to Chief Baroka serves to underscore the theme of cultural identity and the struggle to maintain traditional values in the face of modernization. Sidi's presence represents a threat to the traditional way of life, as she is seen as a symbol of the changing values and customs that are slowly eroding the community's sense of identity.

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*4.*

Sadiku is a significant character in Wole Soyinka's play "The Lion and the Jewel." She is a strong-willed and independent woman who plays a crucial role in the development of the text. Sadiku is a member of the Baroka community and is deeply rooted in the traditional values and customs of Nigerian society. She is a devout follower of Chief Baroka and is fiercely loyal to him and his vision for the community.

Sadiku's primary role in the play is to serve as a voice for the traditional elements of Nigerian society. She is a staunch defender of the community's customs and values, and she is deeply concerned about the encroaching influence of Western culture and modernization. Sadiku's strong sense of tradition and her unwavering loyalty to Chief Baroka make her a powerful force in the community, and she plays a key role in shaping the events that unfold throughout the play.

One of the most significant aspects of Sadiku's character is her unwavering dedication to her beliefs and values. She is a passionate and principled individual who refuses to compromise her convictions, even in the face of overwhelming adversity. This unwavering commitment to her ideals ultimately proves to be both a strength and a weakness for Sadiku, as she becomes increasingly isolated and marginalized by those around her who do not share her vision for the community.

Sadiku's role in the play also serves to highlight the complexities of human relationships and the ways in which power and manipulation can undermine even the strongest bonds. Throughout the play, Sadiku's loyalty to Chief Baroka is tested when she becomes increasingly disillusioned with his leadership and the direction he is taking the community. This internal conflict, combined with the external pressures she faces from those around her, makes Sadiku a complex and multifaceted character.

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*5.*

In John Osborne's play "Look Back in Anger," the concept of blood and sacrifice plays a significant role in the development of the text. Blood and sacrifice are powerful symbols that represent the deep-seated anger, resentment, and frustration that the characters feel towards the society in which they live.

The concept of blood and sacrifice is introduced early in the play through the character of Jimmy Porter, the protagonist. Jimmy is a working-class man who feels trapped and suffocated by the monotony and conformity of British society. He is filled with a sense of anger and resentment towards the upper classes and the establishment, and he sees blood and sacrifice as a means of expressing this anger and challenging the status quo.

Throughout the play, Jimmy's anger and resentment towards society are fueled by his perception of the upper classes as bloodthirsty and willing to sacrifice the working class for their own gain. This perception is exemplified in Jimmy's famous monologue, in which he laments the fact that the upper classes are willing to sacrifice the working class for their own benefit, while the working class is left to suffer and struggle.

The concept of blood and sacrifice also serves to highlight the theme of class struggle and the divisions that exist within British society.

The play presents a stark contrast between the wealthy and the poor, with the upper classes portrayed as bloodthirsty and exploitative, while the working class is depicted as powerless and marginalized. This contrast underscores the deep-seated anger and resentment that the working class feels towards the upper classes and the establishment.

Furthermore, the concept of blood and sacrifice serves to explore the theme of individual versus societal expectations. Jimmy's desire to challenge the status quo and express his anger and resentment towards society puts him at odds with the expectations and norms of British society. His willingness to embrace blood and sacrifice as a means of expressing his anger and challenging the establishment reflects his desire to break free from the constraints of societal expectations and forge his own path.

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*6.*

1. Naturalism: One of the most significant dramatic techniques used in "Look Back in Anger" is naturalism. Osborne employs naturalistic techniques to present a realistic and unromanticized portrayal of British society in the post-war era. The play's setting, characters, and dialogue are all grounded in a sense of gritty realism, with little attention paid to romanticized or idealized versions of British life.

2. Verbal Sparring: Another dramatic technique used in "Look Back in Anger" is verbal sparring. Osborne employs a series of heated and confrontational exchanges between the characters to explore the deep-seated divisions and conflicts that exist within British society. These verbal sparring matches often involve Jimmy Porter, the protagonist, who is quick-witted and always ready to challenge the status quo.

3. Monologue: A third dramatic technique used in "Look Back in Anger" is the use of monologue. Osborne employs a series of powerful and introspective monologues to give voice to the characters' inner thoughts and emotions. These monologues often serve as a means for the characters to express their anger, resentment, and frustration towards society, and they provide valuable insight into their motivations and desires.

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*7.*

In August Wilson's play "Fences," the role of sport, specifically baseball, plays a significant role in the development of the text. Baseball serves as a symbol of hope, freedom, and the American Dream, and it represents a means for the characters to escape the constraints of their lives and find a sense of purpose and fulfillment.

The character of Cory, the youngest son of the Maxson family, is particularly drawn to baseball as a means of expressing his dreams and aspirations. Cory sees baseball as a way to transcend the limitations of his neighborhood and the expectations placed upon him by his family and community. Through his passion for baseball, Cory is able to find a sense of identity and belonging, and he is able to envision a future beyond the confines of his current circumstances.

The significance of baseball in the text can also be seen in its role as a symbol of the American Dream. Baseball represents a means for individuals to achieve success, wealth, and fame through hard work, determination, and talent. It is a sport that has long been associated with the American Dream, and it serves as a powerful symbol of the opportunities available to those willing to put in the effort and dedication required to succeed.

Furthermore, the role of baseball in the play also serves to highlight the theme of the struggle between individual aspirations and societal expectations. Cory's desire to pursue a career in baseball is met with skepticism and resistance from his father, who sees it as a frivolous and impractical pursuit. This conflict between individual dreams and societal expectations underscores the challenges faced by the Maxson family and the broader African American community in realizing their aspirations and achieving success.

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*8.*

In August Wilson's play "Fences," the role of women plays a significant role in the development of the text. Women in the play serve as a source of strength, support, and resilience for the male characters, and their presence helps to shape the narrative and thematic elements of the story.

One of the most important female characters in the play is Rose, the wife of Troy Maxson, the protagonist. Rose is a strong and determined woman who provides emotional and practical support to Troy throughout the play. She is a constant presence in his life, offering him love, encouragement, and guidance. Rose's unwavering devotion to Troy and her ability to weather the challenges and setbacks he faces serve as a source of strength and resilience for him.

The role of women in the play also serves to highlight the theme of the struggle between individual aspirations and societal expectations. The female characters in "Fences" are often forced to navigate the constraints and limitations placed upon them by their roles as women in a patriarchal society. They must balance their own desires and ambitions with the expectations and demands of their husbands, sons, and the broader community.

Through the female characters, Wilson presents a powerful critique of the limitations and barriers faced by women in realizing their dreams and achieving success. The women in the play are often seen as secondary characters, whose primary role is to support and enable the male characters. This limited perception of women's roles and contributions to society is challenged by the strength, resilience, and determination of the female characters in "Fences."

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*9.*

Augusto Neto, the former president of Guinea-Bissau, was a prominent figure in the African independence movement and a passionate advocate for the liberation of African nations from colonial rule. In his writings and speeches, Neto often referred to the "grieved lands of Africa" as a metaphor for the suffering and exploitation endured by the African continent during the era of colonialism.

Neto's concept of the "grieved lands of Africa" encompasses the historical injustices, suffering, and exploitation that African nations and their people have endured at the hands of colonial powers. These lands, Neto argued, were not only physically scarred by the exploitation of natural resources and the imposition of foreign systems of governance, but also emotionally and spiritually wounded by the loss of cultural identity, self-determination, and sovereignty.

Neto believed that the grieved lands of Africa were a testament to the enduring legacy of colonialism and its impact on the African people. He argued that the exploitation of Africa's natural resources, the imposition of foreign languages and cultures, and the denial of political and economic autonomy had left deep scars on the continent and its people.

Neto's vision for Africa was one of liberation, self-determination, and economic and political independence. He believed that the grieved lands of Africa could only be healed through the establishment of independent, sovereign nations that were free from the constraints of colonialism and its legacy.

In his writings and speeches, Neto often invoked the imagery of the grieved lands of Africa to convey the depth of the suffering and exploitation endured by the African people. He used powerful language and metaphors to describe the wounds inflicted upon the continent and its people, and he called for a new era of freedom, justice, and equality for all Africans.

Neto's concept of the grieved lands of Africa continues to be a powerful symbol of the enduring legacy of colonialism and its impact on the African continent. His vision for a liberated and independent Africa remains an inspiration for many Africans and a reminder of the need to confront the historical injustices and continue the struggle for true sovereignty and self-determination.

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*10.*

"The Leader and the Led" by Niyi Osundare explores the complex relationship between leaders and the people they govern in Africa. The poem highlights the responsibilities of leaders towards their followers and the expectations placed upon them by society. It delves into themes of accountability, integrity, and the power dynamics inherent in leadership roles. Osundare's work critiques the failures and shortcomings of African leaders while also emphasizing the potential for positive change and transformation through effective leadership that serves the needs of the people.

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*11.*

1. Personification: Lawrence uses personification to give bats human-like qualities, such as the ability to "flutter and flutter" and "whisper and whisper." This personification helps to create a sense of intimacy and closeness between the bats and the speaker, emphasizing the connection between humans and nature.

2. Imagery: The poem is rich in imagery, with vivid descriptions of the bats and their movements. Lawrence paints a picture of the bats as they "flutter and flutter" and "whisper and whisper," using sensory language to engage the reader's senses and imagination.

3. Symbolism: Bats are often seen as symbols of darkness, death, and the supernatural. In "Bats," Lawrence uses the bats as a symbol of the unknown and the mysterious, exploring the connection between humans and the natural world. The bats represent a world beyond human comprehension, a world that is both beautiful and terrifying.

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*12.*

"The Journey of the Magi" is a poem by T.S. Eliot that explores the spiritual journey of the three wise men, also known as the Magi, as they travel to Bethlehem to find the newborn Jesus. The poem employs the journey motif to convey its themes of spiritual quest, self-discovery, and the search for meaning in a chaotic world.

The journey motif is central to the poem, as the Magi embark on a long and arduous journey across desolate landscapes in search of the Christ child. The journey is fraught with challenges and obstacles, as the Magi encounter various temptations and distractions along the way. This journey represents the spiritual quest that many people undertake in their lives, as they seek meaning, purpose, and connection with something greater than themselves.

Throughout the poem, Eliot uses vivid imagery and language to describe the harsh and unforgiving landscape that the Magi traverse. The journey is depicted as a barren and desolate one, with the Magi facing numerous hardships and temptations along the way. This imagery serves as a metaphor for the spiritual journey, which can often be challenging and fraught with obstacles.

The journey motif also serves as a reminder of the importance of perseverance and faith in the face of adversity. Despite the many challenges they encounter, the Magi remain steadfast in their quest, guided by a star that leads them to the manger where Jesus lies. This perseverance and faith in the face of uncertainty and doubt is a powerful message that resonates throughout the poem.

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