WAEC 2024 Biology Obj And Essay Answer – May/June Expo

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BIOLOGY OBJ
01-10: CCCBBBADAC
11-20: ACCBBDAADC
21-30: DCADDABDDA
31-40: ACCAACACCD
41-50: BBCAADCBBB

COMPLETED
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Biology theory 👇
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(1a) 
(i) Glomerulus: Filters blood to form filtrate.
(ii) Bowman's capsule: Collects the filtrate from the glomerulus.
(iii) Proximal convoluted tubule: Reabsorbs glucose, ions, and water back into the blood.
(iv) Distal convoluted tubule: Further reabsorption of water and ions, as well as secretion of wastes.


1b) CHECK THE TABLE BELOW 

1c) *List five excretory products of plants:*
1. Oxygen
2. Carbon dioxide
3. Water vapor
4. Ethylene
5. Resins


(2a) 
(i) Mouth: Mechanical digestion through chewing and chemical digestion with enzymes like amylase breaking down carbohydrates.
(ii) Skin: Regulates body temperature through sweating to cool down the body.
(iii) Tongue: Helps in mixing food with saliva, forming a bolus for swallowing.
(iv) Kidney: Filters blood to remove waste products and excess water to form urine.
(v) Stomach: Secretes gastric juices containing enzymes like pepsin for protein digestion and hydrochloric acid for sterilization of food.
(vi) Small intestine: Absorbs nutrients from digested food into the bloodstream through its lining.
(vii) Large intestine: Absorbs water from indigestible food residues before excretion as feces.
(viii)Liver: Produces bile that aids in fat digestion, detoxifies harmful substances, stores glycogen, and synthesizes proteins.


(2b) 
1. Mouth (salivary glands produce amylase)
2. Stomach (gastric glands produce pepsin)
3. Small intestine (intestinal cells produce various digestive enzymes such as lipase, proteases, and carbohydrases).


(2c) 

1. Amylase: This enzyme helps break down carbohydrates into simpler sugars.
2. Protease: This enzyme breaks down proteins into amino acids.
3. Lipase: This enzyme aids in the digestion of fats, breaking them down into fatty acids and glycerol.


(2d) Two end products of the meal after digestion are:

1. Glucose
2. Amino Acids



(2ei) Increased blood pressure. Consuming too much salt can lead to water retention and higher blood volume, putting strain on the cardiovascular system.


(2eii) 
1. Energy Production: Carbohydrates provide a quick source of energy for bodily functions and physical activities.
2. Tissue Repair and Growth: Proteins are essential for repairing damaged tissues and building new ones, supporting growth and maintenance of body structures.
3. Nutrient Absorption: Fats help absorb fat-soluble vitamins (such as vitamins A, D, E, K), which play important roles in various physiological processes.

(3ai) 
1. Discoloration/Darkening
2. Foul Odor
3. Formation of Mold/Fungi
4. Spoilage/Rotting


(3aii) Decomposition or putrefaction caused by microbial activity (bacteria/fungi).


(3aiii)
1.Canning - Principle involved: Heat sterilization kills microorganisms present in food.
2.Freezing - Principle involved: Cold temperatures inhibit microbial growth/activity.
3.Drying/Dehydration - Principle involved: Lack of moisture prevents bacterial growth/spoilage.
4.Smoking - Principle involved: The smoke contains antimicrobial compounds that inhibit bacterial growth


(3aiv) *I'm coming*


(3b) 
(i) Dried maize grains: Store in a cool, dry place in an airtight container to prevent moisture absorption.
(ii) Fresh tomatoes: Store at room temperature away from direct sunlight or refrigerate if fully ripe to slow down ripening process.
(iii) Vegetables: Properly wash, cut, and store them in sealed containers or bags in the refrigerator to maintain freshness.
(iv) Beans: Keep beans in a dry, cool place with good air circulation to prevent mold growth.
(v) Milk: Refrigerate milk at temperatures below 40°F (4°C), preferably on the middle shelf where it is coldest.


4ai)
Onion cell 👉Mitosis 👉Diploid

Sperm cell👉 Meiosis👉 Haploid

Pollen grain👉 Meiosis👉 Haploid

Ovum 👉Meiosis👉 Haploid

Guard cell 👉Mitosis👉 Diploid

Cheek cell 👉Mitosis 👉Diploid


(4aii) Mitosis is a type of cell division that results in two daughter cells each having the same number and kind of chromosomes as the parent nucleus.


(4b)
Parents with blood groups A or B could have an offspring with blood group O through inheritance patterns. Blood group O is recessive, so both parents must carry at least one copy of the O allele alongside their dominant A or B alleles. If both parents are carriers (heterozygous), there's a chance they can pass on their O alleles to their child resulting in blood group O offspring.


4c)


5ai) Competition refers to the interaction between organisms or species for limited resources in an ecosystem.


(5aii) 
1. Intraspecific competition
2. Interspecific competition


(5aiii) Four factors that organisms compete for in a habitat are:
1. Food
2. Water
3. Space or territory
4. Mates

(5aiv) The relationship between competition and succession is that competition increases as succession progresses, leading to changes in species composition and community structure over time.


4bi) Structural adaptation refers to the physical modifications or features of an organism's body that enable it to survive and thrive in its environment.


(4bii) 
1. Camouflage: Animals may have coloration, patterns, or shapes that help them blend into their surroundings, making them less visible to predators or prey.
2. Specialized limbs: Some animals have adapted their limbs for specific functions such as walking, running, swimming, flying, or climbing.
3. Scales: Many animals have scales covering their bodies which provide protection and help regulate body temperature.
4. Feathers: Birds have feathers which provide insulation, support flight, and aid in thermoregulation.

Completed 


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