WAEC 2024 Crs/Irs Obj And Essay Answer – May/June Expo

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IRS OBJ

01-10: CDBDBACCCC

11-20: CCCDBACCCB

21-30: ACCBABADAC

31-40: ACACADBBAA

41-50: BACBCDDCBD

COMPLETED

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CRS OBJ

01-10: BCBCCACCCA

11-20: ACABBADCAB

21-30: CABBCBADCC

31-40: BCCDCCCBDA

41-50: ADCDABBCAC

COMPLETED

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ISLAMIC STUDIES

(1)

The compilation of the Quran after the death of Prophet Muhammad (SAW) was a thorough and meticulous process. Abu Bakr, the first caliph, recognized the importance of preserving the Quranic revelations, which were mostly memorized by the companions, but also written on various materials like bones, leather, stones, and wood. He entrusted Zayd ibn Thabit, a renowned scribe and companion, to gather and compile the Quranic verses.

Zayd ibn Thabit approached the companions who had memorized the Quran, including prominent figures like Umar ibn Al-Khattab and Uthman ibn Affan, to verify the collected verses. This verification process ensured that the compiled Quran was accurate and authentic, free from any errors or alterations.

During the reign of Uthman ibn Affan, the third caliph, concerns arose about different recitations of the Quran among non-Arabic speakers. To address this, Uthman formed a committee, including Zayd ibn Thabit, to standardize the Quran. The committee reviewed the compiled Quran, ensuring its consistency and accuracy, and produced a single, authoritative version.

This standardized Quran was then copied and distributed throughout the Islamic empire, making it accessible to all Muslims. The rigorous process of compilation, verification, and standardization ensured the preservation of the Quran in its original form, as revealed to Prophet Muhammad (SAW), and has remained the basis of Islamic worship, guidance, and scholarship to this day.

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(2a)

The term Sunnah refers to the sayings, actions, and approvals of the Prophet Muhammad (S A.W) that were documented and passed down by his companions and their followers. It includes his teachings, guidance, and examples of how he lived his life, which serve as a model for Muslims to follow.

(2b)

(i)Authentic chain of narrators: A sound Hadith has a continuous and unbroken chain of narrators, each of whom is known for their integrity and accuracy.

(ii)Reliable narrators: The narrators in the chain must be known for their truthfulness, trustworthiness, and knowledge.

(iii)Clear and unambiguous text: The text of the Hadith must be clear and unambiguous, without any contradictions or doubts.

(iv)Free from contradictions: A sound Hadith does not contradict the Quran, other established Hadiths, or established historical facts.

(v)Free from errors: The Hadith must be free from errors in grammar, syntax, and language.

(vi)Confirmed by multiple narrations: A sound Hadith is confirmed by multiple narrations from different narrators.

(vii)Not contrary to reason or intellect: A sound Hadith must not be contrary to reason or intellect, and must be in line with the general principles of Islam.

(viii)Not in conflict with historical facts: A sound Hadith must not be in conflict with established historical facts and must be in line with the context in which it was narrated.

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(5a)

The Battle of Uhud was a significant military encounter that took place on March 23, 625 AD (7 Shawwal, 3 AH in the Islamic calendar) in the valley north of Mount Uhud, near Medina. It was fought between the early Muslim community led by Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) and the Quraysh tribe of Mecca, who sought revenge for their defeat at the Battle of Badr a year earlier.

(5b)

(i)Formation of armies: The Muslim army, consisting of around 700 fighters, positioned themselves at the foot of Mount Uhud, while the Quraysh army, numbering around 3,000 men, faced them.

(ii)Initial attack: The battle commenced with a fierce attack from the Quraysh, who were met with a strong resistance by the Muslims. The Muslim archers, placed on a nearby hill, initially held their ground and inflicted significant damage on the enemy.

(iii)Abandonment of strategic positions: However, the Muslim archers abandoned their strategic positions on the hill, against the Prophet's orders, in pursuit of war spoils, leaving the Muslim army vulnerable to attack.

(iv)Counterattack by the Quraysh: The Quraysh cavalry, led by Khalid ibn al-Walid, seized the opportunity and launched a surprise attack on the Muslims from the rear. The Muslim army suffered heavy casualties and retreated, marking a temporary victory for the Quraysh.

(v)Aftermath: Despite their initial victory, the Quraysh failed to capitalize on their success and did not launch a subsequent attack on Medina. The Muslims were able to regroup and recover from their losses, which ultimately strengthened their resolve and unity.

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(6a)

Bismillaahir Rahmaanir Raheem 

(i)Innaa anzalnaahu fee lailatil qadr

(ii)Wa maa adraaka ma lailatul qadr

(iii)Lailatul qadri khairum min alfee shahr

(iv)Tanaz zalul malaa-ikatu war roohu feeha bi izni-rab bihim min kulli amr

(v)Salaamun hiya hattaa mat la'il fajr

(6b)

In the Name of Allah, The Most Gracious, Most Merciful

(i)Verily! We have sent it (this Qur'an) down in the night of Al-Qadr (Decree)

(ii)And what will make you know what the night of Al-Qadr (Decree) is?

(iii)The night of Al-Qadr (Decree) is better than a thousand months (i.e. worshipping Allah in that night is better than worshipping Him a thousand months, i.e. 83 years and 4 months).

(iv)Therein descend the angels and the Ruh [Jibrael (Gabriel)] by Allah's Permission with all Decrees,

(v)Peace! (All that night, there is Peace and Goodness from Allah to His believing slaves) until the appearance of dawn.

(6c)

(i).Quran 97, titled "Al-Qadr" or "The Decree," discusses the night of decree, which is believed to occur during the month of Ramadan, highlighting its significance in Islamic belief and practice.

(ii)This chapter emphasizes the profound importance of the night of decree, describing it as better than a thousand months, symbolizing the immense blessings and spiritual opportunities it offers to believers.

(iii)Quran 97 encourages believers to engage in worship, reflection, and supplication during the night of decree, as it is a time when divine mercy and guidance are particularly abundant.

(iv)The chapter underscores the concept of predestination (Qadr) in Islam, affirming that Allah's decree is absolute and encompasses all aspects of existence, including human destiny and the unfolding of events.

(v)Through Quran 97, Muslims are reminded of the transformative power of faith, prayer, and devotion, especially during moments of spiritual significance such as the night of decree, which serves as a source of hope, inspiration, and renewal for believers.

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Completed 

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CRS ANSWERS

(1a) 

(PICK ANY THREE)

(i) Heavy Taxation: To fund his numerous building projects, Solomon imposed heavy taxes on the people. This created a financial burden on the citizens and led to widespread dissatisfaction.

(ii) Forced Labor: Solomon conscripted labor from the Israelites for his construction projects. Many people were compelled to work on these projects, which caused resentment and hardship among the population.

(iii) Religious Idolatry: Solomon married many foreign women who brought their own gods and religious practices to Israel. Solomon built altars for these foreign gods, leading to the introduction of idolatry in Israel and weakening the worship of Yahweh.

(iv) Economic Strain: The lavish lifestyle of Solomon's court and the expenses of his numerous building projects drained the nation's resources. This economic strain affected the prosperity of the kingdom and the well-being of its citizens.

(v) Political Division: The discontent caused by Solomon's policies set the stage for political instability. After Solomon's death, his son Rehoboam's decision to continue his harsh policies led to the division of the kingdom into Israel (the northern kingdom) and Judah (the southern kingdom).

(vi) Loss of Tribal Unity: Solomon's centralization of power and neglect of tribal distinctions led to a loss of unity among the tribes of Israel. This centralization of authority alienated the northern tribes, contributing to the eventual split of the kingdom.

(1b)

(PICK ANY THREE)

(i) Arrogance: Leaders who are arrogant tend to ignore the opinions and needs of others, acting in their own self-interest rather than considering the welfare of those they lead. This attitude creates a disconnect between the leader and the people.

(ii) Inflexibility: Inflexible leaders refuse to adapt to new situations or consider alternative viewpoints. This rigidity can lead to poor decision-making and stifle innovation, causing frustration among followers.

(iii) Lack of Empathy: Leaders who lack empathy do not understand or acknowledge the feelings and challenges of their followers. This insensitivity makes them seem cold and uncaring, leading to dissatisfaction and loss of support.

(iv) Dishonesty: When leaders are dishonest, they lose the trust of their followers. Lies and deceit can lead to a breakdown in communication and a loss of credibility, making it difficult for the leader to gain and maintain support.

(v) Incompetence: Leaders who lack the necessary skills and knowledge to lead effectively are often viewed as incompetent. This incompetence can result in poor decision-making, failure to achieve goals, and a loss of confidence among followers.

(vi) Authoritarianism: Leaders who rule with an iron fist, using fear and intimidation, often become unpopular. This authoritarian approach suppresses free expression and creativity, leading to resentment and rebellion among those they lead.

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(2a)

(PICK ANY THREE)

(i) Opposition from Surrounding Peoples: The Jewish returnees faced strong opposition from neighboring groups like the Samaritans. These groups were hostile and actively worked to discourage and hinder the rebuilding efforts, sometimes even resorting to political maneuvers to halt the construction.

(ii) Resource Scarcity: The returnees struggled with a lack of resources needed for the reconstruction. Limited financial and material resources made it difficult to obtain the necessary building supplies, such as timber and stone, to rebuild the temple.

(iii) Internal Disunity: Among the Jewish returnees, there were divisions and disagreements about how to proceed with the rebuilding process. This internal disunity weakened their collective efforts and slowed down the progress of the construction work.

(iv) Economic Hardship: Many returnees faced severe economic difficulties upon their return. The region had been neglected for years, and there was widespread poverty. The struggle to make a living and provide for their families made it challenging to focus on rebuilding the temple.

(v) Political Instability: The returnees also faced political instability both within the Persian Empire, which ruled over them, and from local governors who were not supportive of their efforts. Changes in political leadership could result in changes in policy that affected the rebuilding process.

(vi) Lack of Skilled Labor: After years of exile, many skilled workers and artisans who had the expertise to construct the temple were either not available or not in the best condition to work. The shortage of skilled laborers slowed down the construction and affected the quality of the work.

(2b) 

(PICK ANY THREE)

(i) Corruption: Corruption at various levels of government and public institutions diverts resources meant for development into private pockets. This undermines public trust and reduces the effectiveness of development programs.

(ii) Poor Infrastructure: Inadequate infrastructure such as roads, electricity, and water supply hampers economic growth. Poor infrastructure makes it difficult to attract investment and slows down the pace of development.

(iii) Political Instability: Frequent changes in government, political conflicts, and lack of continuity in policies disrupt development initiatives. Political instability creates an uncertain environment that is not conducive to sustainable development.

(iv) Education System Deficiencies: An underfunded and poorly managed education system fails to equip the population with the necessary skills and knowledge. This results in a workforce that is not adequately prepared to drive development.

(v) Healthcare Challenges: Poor healthcare services lead to a less healthy population, which affects productivity and economic growth. High rates of disease and inadequate healthcare infrastructure pose significant barriers to development.

(vi) Economic Inequality: A wide gap between the rich and the poor can hinder development by limiting access to opportunities for a large portion of the population. Economic inequality can lead to social unrest and reduce the overall economic potential of the country.

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(6a)

Jesus was arrested and taken to Caiaphas' house, where the Sanhedrin had gathered. The Sanhedrin sought false testimony against Jesus, but found none. Despite this, they persisted in their efforts to condemn Him. Two witnesses came forward, accusing Jesus of saying He would destroy the temple, but their testimonies didn't agree.

Caiaphas, the High Priest, asked Jesus to respond to the charges, but Jesus remained silent. Caiaphas then asked Jesus under oath if He was the Messiah, the Son of God. Jesus affirmed His identity, declaring, "You have said so. But I tell you, from now on you will see the Son of Man seated at the right hand of Power and coming on the clouds of heaven."

Caiaphas declared Jesus' response blasphemy and tore his robes. The Sanhedrin concurred, finding Jesus guilty and deserving of death. They bound Him and led Him away to the Roman governor, Pontius Pilate, to sentence Him to death. Through this sham trial, Jesus demonstrated His willingness to suffer for the truth, even in the face of injustice and corruption.

(6b)

(i) Injustice and corruption can reach even the highest levels of authority: Jesus' trial before the Sanhedrin and Caiaphas was a sham, with false testimony, coercion, and disregard for due process. This serves as a reminder to remain vigilant against corruption and to stand up for truth and justice, even in the face of powerful opposition.

(ii) Standing up for one's beliefs and identity can come at a great cost: Jesus refused to back down from His claims and identity, even when faced with death. His courage and conviction serve as an inspiration to remain faithful to one's beliefs and values, even in the face of persecution or adversity.

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(7a) 

The early Christian church in Jerusalem was growing rapidly, and the apostles found themselves overwhelmed with administrative tasks, including caring for the needs of widows and the poor. A complaint arose from the Greek-speaking Jews that their widows were being neglected in the daily distribution of food. The apostles recognized the need for help and called the community together to address the issue.

The apostles proposed that seven men be chosen to assist them in their ministry, particularly in caring for the physical needs of the community. The community was asked to select seven men filled with the Spirit and wisdom, who would be appointed to serve in this capacity.

The community chose seven men: Stephen, Philip, Prochorus, Nicanor, Timon, Parmenas, and Nicholas. The apostles prayed over them and laid their hands on them, commissioning them for their new role.

(7b) 

(i) Communication: Open and honest communication is essential in resolving conflicts. Listening to each other's perspectives and concerns can help to clarify issues and find common ground.

(ii) Mediation: A neutral third party can facilitate a conversation between the conflicting parties, helping them to find a mutually beneficial solution.

(iii) Forgiveness: Letting go of grudges and forgiving one another can help to resolve conflicts and restore relationships. This can involve apologizing, making amends, and moving forward in a positive direction.

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(8a) 

The situation described is an example of discrimination and favoritism, where a rich man is given preferential treatment over a poor man. James addresses this issue in the church by admonishing the believers to not show partiality to the rich and neglect the poor

James uses the example of a rich man and a poor man coming to the assembly, and how the believers treat them differently. He asks rhetorical questions, "Have you not made distinctions among yourselves and become judges with evil thoughts?" and "Did not God choose those who are poor in the world to be rich in faith and heirs of the kingdom?"

James emphasizes that faith without works is dead and that true faith is demonstrated by treating everyone with respect and dignity, regardless of their social status.

(8b) 

(i) Perpetuates social inequality: Favoring the rich over the poor reinforces social and economic disparities, creating a class system where the wealthy hold power and influence.

(ii) Undermines community cohesion: Discrimination and partiality erode trust and unity within a community, leading to divisions and social unrest.

(iii) Hinders social mobility: By prioritizing the interests of the wealthy, opportunities for economic advancement and social mobility are limited for the poor, perpetuating cycles of poverty.

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(9a)

(i) Peter says Christians have been transformed from darkness into light so they should declare the wonderful deeds of God.

(ii) He said formerly, Christians were no people but they are now God's people who have received mercý.

(iii) Peter appealed to Christians not to conform to the standards of this world.

(iv) He admonished them to avoid the passions of the flesh and things that hinder their spiritual growth.

(v) He was of the view that believers must maintain good conduct among non-Christians so that through their deeds, God will be glorified.

(vi) Peter holds the view that, Christians are to be subject to every human institution/authority.

(vii) According to Peter, Christians should not misuse the freedom they have to do evil.

(viii) The believer, as Peter states, should honour all men.

(ix) He again states that Christians should love their brothers and fear God.

(x) The Christian should honour the one who leads him.

(xi) Peter also admonished servants to submit themselves to their masters.

(xii) AS a chosen race, Christians are advised by Peter to have patience when they suffer for no wrong done.

(xiii) He continued that Christians should emulate the example of Christ who suffered for no wrong done.

(xiv) Finally, Peter encouraged Christians to die to sin and live to righteousness since Christ died on the cross for our sins.

 

(9b)

(PICK ANY THREE)

(i) Prejudice and Discrimination: Prejudices based on race, ethnicity, religion, or socioeconomic status lead to discrimination and social exclusion. This creates tension and conflict, making peaceful co-existence difficult.

(ii) Resource Competition: Competition for limited resources such as jobs, land, and economic opportunities can lead to conflicts, particularly when there is perceived or actual inequity in resource distribution.

(iii) Cultural and Religious Differences: Differing cultural and religious beliefs and practices can create misunderstandings and intolerance. Without mutual respect and dialogue, these differences can escalate into significant conflicts and violence

(iv) Political Instability: Political instability, corruption, and poor governance can lead to conflicts and violence. When people feel that their voices are not heard and their needs are not met by their leaders, it can result in civil unrest and divisions within society.

(v) Economic Disparities: Wide economic disparities between different groups in society can cause tension and conflict. When wealth and resources are concentrated in the hands of a few while the majority remain in poverty, it creates a fertile ground for discontent and social strife.

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Completed 

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